REPRODUCTION IN ORGANISMS
ARTIFICIAL VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION
Horticultural or Artificial Vegetative Propagation
This method of vegetative propagation to quickly multiply desire varieties of plants from parts of their somatic body
Three method for Artificial vegetative propagation
CUTTING
LYERING
GRAFTING
CUTTINGS
Cuttings are cut pieces of root stem and leaves which are planted in nurseries for this root promoting chemical are used. e.g IBA (indole-butyric acid) NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid)
e.g-
Root Cutting-Lemon, Orange Blackberry, boysenberry ,Raspberry etc.
Stem Cuttings- Rose, sugar cane, citrus, grape ,coffee Tea, bougainvillea Croton, China rose ,tapioca
Leaf Cuttings- Snake Plant (Sansevieria) and Saintpaulia.
LAYERING
it is the type of rooting - cutting in which advantages root are induced to developed on a soft stem while is attached to the plant.
GROUND ( Mound) LAYERING - The shoot is Pruned and lower part is covered by soil like mound. A number of new shoot develop. Rooted shoot are separated and planted. e.g - Apple Quince, GooseBerry, Jasmine ,Grapevine strawberry, Raspberry, Cherry
AIR LAYERING (Gootee) - during early monsoon rains 3 to 5 cm long ring of bark is removed from basal region of healthy and Woody branch It is covered by thick plaster of grafting clay grafting clay can moss . e.g Litchi,Pomegranate,China Rose,Guava,Orange, Lemon
GRAFTING
Grafting is a technique of Connecting two parts usually a root system and a shoot system of two different plants in a such a way that the unit and later develope as a composite plant.
A small shoot of plant with superior characters is employed as graft or scion .
The root system of the Other plant which is disease resistance and has a good root system is used as a stock.
- Various techniques of grafting
TONGUE GRAFTING
CROWN GRAFTING
WEDGE GRAFTING
SIDE GRAFTING
APPROACH GRAFTING
TONGUE GRAFTING
Oblique sloping cut or notch is given to both stock and scion. The two perfectly fit into each other. They are tied together. Stock and scion are of same diameter
CROWN GRAFTING
Many scions are selected and paired at the base to form wedges.
Many slits are formed on the slides or staock .
scions are inserted in the slits and bandaged.
Stock has a large diameter than scions.
WEDGE GRAFTING
V-shaped notch is given to the stock while wedge like cut is given to scion.
Both are also of same diameter
SIDE GRAFTING
V-shaped notch is given to stock at one side.
One and of scion is sharpened.
it is inserted in the stock.
stock also has a larger diameter than scion.
APPROACH GRAFTING
Two independently growing plants are brought together .
The shoots of the two are given cuts at the same level for a distance of 2.5 to 5 cm .
The cuts are in the form of removing smooth slies of bark ,tongue shaped cuts for interlocking and deeper vertical cut is the stock is thicker than the scion.
The scion is cut below the graft while the stock is cut above the graft after registering of union
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